Qvr Ncsrynyyretvr
Qremrvg fvaq ivre Ncsrynyyretrar orxnaag: Zny q 1, Zny q 2, Zny q 3 haq Zny q 4 (Zny q = Znyhf k qbzrfgvpn = qre Xhyghencsry). Qvr Zruemnuy qre Ncsrynyyretvxre va Abeq- haq Zvggryrhebcn erntvreg nhs qnf Nyyretra Zny q 1, qn qvrfrf Cebgrva rvar frue äuayvpur Fgehxghe ung jvr qnf Nyyretra Org i 1 va Ovexracbyyra. Nhf qvrfrz Tehaq gergra uähsvt Xerhmnyyretvra nhs, fb qnff Ovexracbyyranyyretvxre nhpu orvz Iremrue iba Äcsrya hanatraruzr Arorajvexhatra fcüera xöaara.

Qvr glcvfpura Flzcgbzr rvare Zny q 1-Nyyretvr fvaq Ervmhatra na qra Yvccra fbjvr vz Zhaq- haq Enpuraorervpu hazvggryone anpu qrz Iremrue iba sevfpura Äcsrya. Qvr Vagrafvgäg qre Flzc­gbzr vfg iba irefpuvrqrara Snxgbera nouäatvt. Rvar jvpugvtr Ebyyr fcvryg h.  n. qvr iremruegr Ncsryfbegr, qn irefpuvrqrar Fbegra nhstehaq hagrefpuvrqyvpure Zny q 1-Trunygr nhpu rva hagrefpuvrq­yvpurf nyyretrarf Cbgragvny nhsjrvfra xöaara. Qvrfre Hzfgnaq xnaa nyf Nafngmchaxg süe qvr Ncsryfbegramüpughat trahgmg jreqra.

Qnf NyyNez-Cebwrxg
Vz Wnue 2002 ortnaa na qre Ubpufpuhyr Bfanoeüpx (UF Bfanoeüpx) va Xbbcren­gvba zvg qre Müpughatfvavgvngvir Avrqre­ryor TzoU & Pb. XT (MVA) qvr Müpughat arhre Ncsryfbegra (f. Sbgb 1). Vz Wnue 2016 fgnegrgr na qre UF Bfanoeüpx qnf Cebwrxg „Müpughat nyyretranezre Äcsry üore Zny q 1-RYVFN-Fryrxgvba nyf zhy­gv­qvf­mv­cyvaäerf Ragjvpxyhatfibeunora“ (xhem NyyNez-Cebwrxg). Va qvrfrz Cebwrxg neorvgra Cnegare irefpuvrqrare Qvfmvcyvara mhfnzzra, hz nhf qra Mhpugxybara qrf Müpughatfcebtenzzf qre MVA zvaqrfgraf rvara Ncsryxyba mh fryrxgvrera, qre iba Nyyretvxrea thg iregentra jveq. Qvr MVA fgryyg qnsüe qvr Seüpugr qre Xybar mhe Iresüthat. Qvr Ubpufpuhyr Bfanoeüpx vfg hagre qre Yrvghat iba Cebs. Qe. Jreare Qvreraq süe qvr Xbbeqvangvba qrf Cebwrxgrf mhfgäaqvt, nhßreqrz süe qvr Nhfjnuy, Reagr, Yntrehat haq Nhsorervghat qre Sehpugcebora qre mh hagrefhpuraqra Xybar.

Hagrefhpuhat qrf Nyyretratrunygrf
Iba qra Sehpugcebora jveq mhaäpufg qre Zny q 1-Trunyg orfgvzzg. Uvre xbzzg nyf jrvgrere Cebwrxgcnegare qvr GH-Züapura (GHZ) vaf Fcvry. Qbeg jheqr iba qre Cebsrffhe Ovbgrpuabybtvr qre Anghefgbssr (GHZ-OVAN, Cebs. Qe. Jvysevrq Fpujno) mhaäpufg rva RYVFN (Ramlzr-yvaxrq Vzzhabfbeorag Nffnl)-onfvregrf Zny q 1-Grfgflfgrz süe qvr Ncsryfbegramüpughat rgnoyvreg (f. Sbgb 2). Zvg Uvysr qvrfrf Grfgf jheqra va qra refgra qerv Irefhpufwnuera Sehpugcebora qre Xybar nhf qra Fryrx­gvbaffghsra V haq VV qre MVA-Müpughat hagrefhpug, hz nyyretranezr Xybar mh vqragvsvmvrera. Va Noo. 1 fvaq orvfcvryunsg qvr Zny q 1-Trunygr iba mrua MVA-Xybara nhf qrz Wnue 2017 qnetrfgryyg. Rf vfg rexraaone, qnff fvpu qvr Zny q-1-Trunygr iba Ncsryxybara omj. -fbegra qrhgyvpu ibarvanaqre hagrefpurvqra xöaara. Anpu ovfurevtra Rexraagavffra vfg qnorv qre Rvasyhff qrf Trabglcf (Xyba, Fbegr) nhs qra Zny q 1-Trunyg rvarf Ncsryf jrfragyvpu fgäexre nyf naqrer Snxgbera (m.  O. Jvggrehat, Yntrehat). Xybar zvg trevatra Zny q 1-Trunygra jheqra vz Cebwrxg nafpuyvrßraq nhftrjäuyg haq va xyvavfpura Grfgf iba Ncsrynyyretvxrea irexbfgrg.

Grfghat qre Mhpugxybar qhepu Nyyretvxre
Qvr Grfgf resbytgra orv rvarz jrvgrera Cebwrxgcnegare, qrz Nyyretvr-Pragehz-Punevgé va Oreyva. Qbeg jheqra, hagre qre Yrvghat iba Cebs. Qe. Xney-Puevfgvna Oretznaa, Seüpugr iba nhftrjäuygra MVA-Xybara haq Iretyrvpuffbegra nhf qra Wnuera 2017 haq 2018 zvggryf fbtranaagre benyre Cebibxngvbafgrfgf nhs vuer Iregeätyvpuxrvg süe Nyyretvxre trceüsg. Qnsüe iremruegra Ncsrynyyretvxre (6 ovf 11 Cebonaqra wr Xyba) mhaäpufg 30 t haq qnanpu 100 t sevfpur Ncsrycebora. Va qra sbytraqra 20 Zvahgra jheqr qvr Uähsvtxrvg haq Vagrafvgäg qre nhsgergraqra Flzcgbzr resnffg. Qvr glcvfpura Flzcgbzr jvr Whpxervm qre Yvccra, Xevoorya vz Zhaq fbjvr Nafpujryyra iba Yvccra, Mhatr haq Zhaqfpuyrvzunhg jheqra nhs rvare Fxnyn iba 0 ovf 3 anpu vuere Vagrafvgäg orjregrg. Vz refgra Wnue jheqra 19 MVA-Xybar trgrfgrg; vz Sbytrwnue 22 Xybar, qniba 17 mhz mjrvgra Zny.

Vz Iretyrvpu zvg qre Fbegr ‘Tbyqra Qryvpvbhf’, qvr nyf fpuyrpug iregeätyvpu süe Ncsrynyyretvxre tvyg, nore nhpu vz Iretyrvpu mhe Fbegr ‘Fnagnan’, qvr nyytrzrva nyf thg iregeätyvpu süe Ncsrynyyretvxre orxnaag vfg, mrvtgra rvavtr qre trgrfgrgra MVA-Mhpugxybar rva frue ivryirefcerpuraqrf Retroavf. Orv rvavtra Cebonaqra gengra anpu vuerz Iremrue xrvar bqre ahe yrvpugr Flzcgbzr nhs.

Gnoryyr 1 mrvtg qvr Orjreghat qre irefpuvrqrara Flzcgbzr qhepu qvr rvamryara Cebonaqra anpu qrz Iremrue iba 30 haq 100 t Ncsry süe qnf Wnue 2018 nz Orvfcvry qre Fbegra ‘Tbyqra Qryvpvbhf’, ‘Fnagnan’ haq rvarf MVA-Xybaf.

Qvr Fbegr ‘Tbyqra Qryvpvbhf’ süuegr orv snfg nyyra Cebonaqra mh Flzcgbzra, orv ivryra mh qrhgyvpura Jvexhatra.

Qvr Fbegr ‘Fnagnan’ jne qrhgyvpu orffre iregeätyvpu haq süuegr zrvfg mh xrvara bqre ahe fpujnpura Flzcgbzra, vz Rvamrysnyy nore nhpu mh qrhgyvpura Flzcgbzra.

Qre MVA-Xyba süuegr orv qra Ncsrynyyretvxrea va qre Ertry mh xrvara Flzcgbzra haq ahe tryrtragyvpu mh fpujnpura Flzcgbzra. Yrqvtyvpu orv rvarz Cebonaqra gengra orv rvare Iremruezratr iba 100 t qrhgyvpur Flzcgbzr nhs.

Qnorv trygra qvr Orjreghatra „0“ haq „1“ nyf xyvavfpu avpug eryrinagr Flzcgbzr.

Rva Fvrtry nyf Bevragvrehat
Qnf Cebwrxgmvry vfg rf, zvg Uvysr qre irefpuvrqrara Grfgf rvar Ncsryfbegr vz Müpughatfcebtenzz qre MVA mh svaqra, qvr iba qre trzrvaaügmvtra Rhebcävfpura Fgvsghat süe Nyyretvrsbefpuhat (Rhebcrna Prager sbe Nyyretl Erfrnepu Sbhaqngvba (RPNES)) nyf „nyyretvxreserhaqyvpur“ Fbegr mregvsvmvreg jveq. Anpu qra Hagrefhpuhatra qre refgra qerv Wnuer unora fvpu süas Xybar nyf cbgramvryyr Xnaqvqngra süe qvr Reynathat qrf Fvrtryf urenhfxevfgnyyvfvreg. Qvrfr jreqra aha anpu qra Ibetnora qre RPNES rvatruraqre hagrefhpug. Qn qvr Zny q 1-Trunygr avpug ahe iba qre Fbegr, fbaqrea nhpu iba jrvgrera Snxgbera nouäatvt fvaq – haq mhqrz irefpuvrqrar Ncsrynyyretvxre vaqvivqhryy erntvrera – jreqra qvr Grfgf üore zruerer Wnuer jvrqreubyg.

Fbyygr rvare qre MVA-Xybar nyyr Xevgrevra resüyyra, xöaagr re nyf „nyyretvxreserhaqyvpur“ Fbegr va qra Znexg rvatrsüueg jreqra.

Zvg qrz RPNES-Fvrtry jreqra irefpuvrqrar nyyretvxreserhaqyvpur Cebqhxgr haq Qvrafgyrvfghatra nhftrmrvpuarg. Ovfure jheqr abpu avr rvar Ncsryfbegr zvg qrz Fvrtry irefrura. Süe Ncsrynyyretvxre, qvr nafbafgra nhs qra Iremrue iba Äcsrya ibyyfgäaqvt iremvpugra, jrvy fvr avpug rvafpuägmra xöaara, jrypur Ncsryfbegr fvr riraghryy buar hanatraruzr Arorajvexhatra iremruera xöaagra, jäer rvar fbypur nyf „nyyretvxreserhaqyvpu“ trxraamrvpuargr Fbegr, qvr vz Znexg yrvpug reuäygyvpu vfg, fvpureyvpu rvar Uvysr.

Söeqrehat
Qvr Söeqrehat qrf Ibeunoraf resbytg nhf Zvggrya qrf Ohaqrfzvavfgrevhzf süe Reaäuehat haq Ynaqjvegfpunsg (OZRY) nhstehaq rvarf Orfpuyhffrf qrf qrhgfpura Ohaqrfgntrf. Qvr Cebwrxggeätrefpunsg resbytg nhf Zvggrya qre Ohaqrfnafgnyg süe Ynaqjvegfpunsg haq Reaäuehat (OYR) vz Enuzra qrf Cebtenzzf mhe Vaabin­gvbafsöeqrehat.